Type-writer.



.66. 656,656. #6666166 Aug. 26, |966.

J. H.A PHELPs.

` TYPE WFH-EB. (Apgliceion mednee. 2s, 1699.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

ANqsa.- Patented Aug, 2a, i900.

.1. H. PHELPS.

Y rTYPE WRITER.

imm led nec. 23; 1899.)

` 3 Sheets-Shut 2.

(NoMudel.)

mu w

,5mg/Off ma. 656,656. Patented Aug. 28, |6011` J. H. PHELPS..

TYP-E WRITER.

(Application md 1366.23, 1399.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.`

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JAMES HARPER PHELPS, OF SHARON, WISCONSIN.

'Mean/amsn.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 656,658, dated august 2S, 1960. Application filed December 23, 1299. Serial No. 741,375. (No model.)

To all whom it may conce-rn:

Be it known thatl, JAMES HARPER PHELPs, a citizen of the l'nited States, residing in Sharon, in the county of llralworth and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Improvement in T ype-\V1lters, of which the following is a specification.

In ordina-r)` type-writiug practice it often occurs that the operator wishes to move the paper-carriage back to the right one or two or more spaces in order to make a correction or to restrikc a character `which had made a faint impression, and in all such eases it is usually an awkward operation to reach one or both hands up to the carriage and draw it carefully to the right the number of spaces desired, thcawkwardness of the opera-tion. being increased because of the amount of lost lnotionin the working parte of the machine,

`which makes it 0necessary to move the carriage almost two spaces in order to attain one or to move it nearly three spaces to secure two, and it often occurs that even with ordinary care the carriage is not returned to the exact position desired. By the use 0E my invention, which has for its object the imparting to the vcarriage of a step-by-step backward movement, the carriage may be quickly returned short distances whatever-may be its position at the time and with far greater precision and convenience than has been possible heretofore. To accomplish this result, I combine with the paper-carriage of the typewriter means for imparting to the carriage a step-by-stcp movement from left to right and a key or keys or other suitable devices for actua-ting said. means at will. In the preferred form of the invention Iemploy two keys, one moying the carriagea single letter-space at each impulse and called the reverse-key and the other moving it two letter-spaces at cach impulse and called the double-reverse key. 3y operating these keys or` either ol` them repeatedly the carriage maybe moved back any distance desired.

The nature of the invention, as well as the details thereof, is fully set forth below in the description forming a part of this spccifica-- tion and also illustrated iu the accompanying drawings, in whichw Figure l is a plan of a type-writer vided with myinvention. Fig. 2 is a partial side elevation. Fig. 3 is a vertical section in a plane extending from front to rea'r. Figs. Je, 5, and 6 are detail views showing the rackand pawl whereby `the carriage is moved back in different positions.- Fig. 7 is a scctional view showing the mechanism connecting the pawl with the keys. Fig. S is a sccton on the lilies S ti of Figs. 5 and 7. Fig. i) is a detail elevation ot" the reversing-keys, and Fig. l0 is a section on the line ld i0 olf Fig. Il.

In said drawings, A represents the lranie ofthe type-writer; i, the ordinary characterpro keys; C, the paper-carriage frame, slidingon ways C', and D the platen-roller- 'lhc carriage is provided with the usual rack-plate E, engaged alternately by dogs l4` and h", usually employed to limit the feeding impulses given the carriage by the character and spacing keys, such dogs being` supported ou the swinging end of a lever F2, which is depressed by the keys through the medium of the adinstable connection F, attached to the rooieV ing frame I1",pivoted at and engaged by all the key-levers, as shown at F". These parts are all of the ordinary construction.

Attached to the machine are operating devices whereby the operator may reverse the movement ofthe paper-carriage. As already stated, I prefer to employat least two of these devices, one acting to return the carriage two spaces and the other a single space, and l also prefer to make these devices in the form of keys, G being the singlespace key and H the double-space one; but obviously the ltwospace key or device may be dispensed with andthe same result be obtained by repeating the strokes of the one-space key or device. These keys G and II are dcsirably located at the right side of the machine, as shown; lbut they may be located elsewhere, if preferred. A desirable construction of these keys is that shown, the key II being integral with the lever II', pivoted at IP, and the ,key G being carried by lever H and being provided with a short lever G', pivoted at G2 to lever Il and resting at its outer end on a stud G3, inserted in said lever. Both levers are guided by the slotted guide H3, attached to frame A and having a shoulder Gi", limiting the stroke of key G, while the key il remains at liberty to` move ,down un'til it strikes the horizontal pa'rt H4 of the guide. With this construction key H is adaptedto impart atull strokeI to lever H', and thereby cause 'the actuation 'of the carriage for two character-spaces, while the keyG will be arrested by the shoulder G", and thus be enabled to impart only a haltstroke to said lever, and thereby move the carriage a single space only. Key G is adapted' to carry the lever H- with it the distance permitted by said shoulder G5, and it does not interfere with the long strokes of key H' by reason of its pivoted attachment to the 'lever H'. The dotted lines in Fig. 9 show the ditterent positionsot the'two keysand their le- 'ihe connections between these keys andthe carriage may be of any suitable construction; but the construction shown and 'now to be described is tho best now known to me. Attached to key-lever Il is a rod J, having its upper endpivotally joined to an elbow/dover J', pivoted at J2 and actuating a horizontal bar J3, att-ached to its upper end.

To the farther end of bar J"1 is pivoted a pawl K, engaging a rack on the carriage, preferably the rack of plate E. A right-angle frame J4 J5, stationarily supported from-the main frame and having its ends slotted, as shown inthe case of the member J, supports and guides the acting end of the pawl and also supports andguides in like manner the arm i J, projecting at right angles from the base of a single space or spring J7, which normal position,

causing disengagement of the pawl and rack of the pawl. This arm is integral or otherwise made rigid with the pawl, so that the is attached to the arm J and to the frame member J 5, may when Aciistended by the backward movement of the' pawl cause the pawl to move into engagement with the rack. This backward movement of. the pawl takes place whenever either of the keys G or H is depressed,the movement of lever H causing a rocking ot' lever J', which pulls the pawl in the direction which distende spring J7 and brings about engagement with the rack. The pawl as soon as it enters the rack compels it and the carriage to move back to the ex'tent two spaces, according to the extent of the stroke given to key-lever H'. When the operatorreleases the reversing-key, the springL raises it and lever H', thereby rocking lever J back to its original position and pushing the pawl forward to its such forward movement because of the inclination of the rack-teeth. Fig. 4 shows the pawl in its normal position, Fig. 5 shows it as lhaving'just engaged the rack, andFig. G shows "it as having retracted the rack.. f r l 0f course it will be understoodthat a stopmotion device will be employed with the reversing mechanism to retain the carriage in any position to which it may be moved by my reverse mechanism; but the dog F found in thelordinary,construction of type-writers the result,

lsition to write the may be employed for this purpose, as it is yielding, so that it moves outl of the rack readily'and oiers no resistance 'to movement in the direction in which the 'carriage' is-actuated by my'invention, but quickly enters the rack and locks it against movement in the other direction.

- The top of frame member J4 is slotted, as

at Jw, 'and the arm J6 is Aprovided with a pin J, working in said slot and preventing the arm from slippingr out of the frame, Liftingsprings L and L2 are employed to raise the frame E"l and the character-key levers after their actuations. y

When composing on a visible-writing machine-#such as Oliver, Williams, Blickensderer, or W ellington-the reverse-keys will also be found very useful in recording arithmetical'operations, .especially those involving addition or subtraction, to be added or subtracted can be tabulated on the machine and the answers written down .as obtained, commencing at the right and writing toward the left, as would .be the case when writing them with a pen or pencil, thus:

From 874509 take 738422 In the above computation after the figures are written down ready for subtraction the operator irst talcs 2 from 9 and writes 7, beneath in proper position. Then he strikesv the double-reverse key, which brings the carriage in proper position to write the 'next fguye, 8. He then strikes the double-reverse key again and writes the 0, after which he strikes the again and brings 6, and so on till the answer is all written, the igu'res having been written down from right to left'. In addition the same method may be employed with like results, thus:

Add 456843 In this operation we rst add the righthand column and write down the 7, then strike the double-reverse key, add the next column, and write the 8, then strike the double-re-y verse key againand' then write the 2, and so on till all the been written.

The invention is shown as being applied to a Densmore or similar type of machine; but it will be understood that it can be applied double-reverse key l the carriage in proper poas the numbers IOO IXO

figures in the result .have

to any machine having a traveling paper-carriage. It will also be understood that a special rack may be attached to the carriage in.

stead of utilizing the rack E customarily used on such carriages and that the teeth of the rack need not point horizontally backward,

ceases 3 as in the machine illustrated. Neither need the customary stop device F be used, but a special stop may be provided in its stead.

l. The combination `:Vith the paper-carriage of a type-writer, of means for imparting a step-by-step movement from left to right to the carriage, a key or lever for causing singie-space movements and a key for causing double-space movements by he carriacmsubstantially as specified. Y'

2. The combination with the paper-carriage and its locking rack and dog, of a pawl engagin g said rack and having an arm extending at right angles from its base, a-stationary support for said pawl, a movable bar to which the pawl is pivoted, means for actuatingsaid bar, and a spring attached to said arm and support and acting to throw the pawl against the rack, substantially as specified.

3. The combination with. a type-Writer of two reverse-keys, and mechanism connecting them to the paper-carriage, one of said keys acting to cause a backward movement by the carriage equal to a single character-space, and the other acting to cause a similar movement equal to` two character-spaces, substantially as specified.

. 4. The combination with a reverse-key and the paper-carriage, of a pawl engaging the carriage-,rack and having an arm extending at right angles from its base, a supporting- J4 J, having a slot J1", a projectifon J on the pawl arm, means for actuating the pawl and a spring acting to.th1ow the pawl into engagement, substantially as specified.

5. The combination with the paper-carriage ind mechanism for reversing it, of two keys, 'one for moving the carriage a single space and the other for moving it two spaces, the

i two-space key being connected to said mechanism and the one-space key being pivoted upon the two-sraee key and imparting a partial stroke to tlielatter, substantially as specitied.

6. The combination with the paper-carriage and the ngtgffainsm for reversing it, of two keys for impartngone-space auditivo-space reverse movements, the one-space key being pivotally secured to the other and operating it through a partial stroke, anda stop for limiting the stroke of the one-space key, substantially as specified.

7. The combination with the papencarriage and the mechanism for reversing it, of two keys for imparting one-space and doublespace reverse movements, the double-space key being connected to the reversing mechanism, and the single-space key being short and pivoted upon and operating the doublespace key and having a stop limiting its stroke, substantially as specified.

8. The combination with the paper-carriage and the mechanism for reversing it, of two keys for imparting one-space and doublespace reversev movements, the double-space key being connected to the reversing mechanism, and. the single-space key being attached to the double-space key and operating said reversing mechanism through the latter, and a stop for limiting the stroke of the single-space key, substantially as specified.

9. The combination with the paper-carriage l and its reversing mechanism of both a singlespace reverse-key and a double-space key, operable independently at will,bnt connected together so that one operates the reversing mechanism through lthe other, substantially as specified.

.10. The combination with the paper-carriage and its reversing mechanism, of a key for causing a double-space reverse movement connected to and operating said mechanism, and a key for causing a single-space reverse movementoperating said mechanism through thirst-mentioned key,substantiallyas specitie 1l. The combination with the paper-carriage and its reversing mechanism, of a key for causing a double-space reverse movement connected to and operating said mechanism, and a key for causing a single-space reverse movement imparting a partial strok'e to said first-mentioned key and mechanism, substantially as specified'.

12. The combination with the paper-carriage and its reversing mechanism, of'a key for causing a double-space reverse movement connected to and operating said mechanism, and a key for causing asinglefspace reverse movement attached to andimparting a partial stroke to said first-mentioned key and thus operating said mechanism, substantially as specified.

` "JAMES HARPER PHELPS. Witnesses:

Gnocca C: MANSFIELD, CHARLES WfSimRI..y

thus operating said 

